Railroads

It was first developed in England in the 17th century. In the year 1827, The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad (B&O) was the first to offer scheduled freight and passenger service to the public in the US and quickly became the prime mover of people and goods. Due to the rapid increase in demand, importance and feasibility, rail tracks could be laid anywhere and the volume of land potentially available for development expanded tremendously.In the beginning it was difficult o predict with certainty which sites with rail road access will be in demand and at what price. Soon Railroads became the principle mode of transportation and areas started depending on rail access for growth and survival. Many municipalities also paid subsidies to private rail road firms to provide service to their communities. The giant rail road companies not only received the right-of-way from the government but also millions of acres of land along their proposed route. The companies got half the land within 6 to 40 mil es of the right-of-way and the government retained the other half.The companies sold some of their land at appreciated prices and also retained vast acreage so that they can mortgage it and get capital. This turned out to be a good idea especially when politicians and citizens tried to force the sale of land. Over the years, railroad companies have retained ownership of immense quantity of urban and rural land. The land has been sold, leased, developed and has been used for all purposes. Even today, in many cities, rail road companies are still the biggest private land owners. Some of them have even formed real estate divisions to get greater returns on their assets.

Communication Style Case Study Essay

Communication style can vary among individuals. Common communication types include assertive, passive, and aggressive. Assertive individuals communicate confidently and speak up for themselves. Aggressive individuals communicate with verbal attacks; they speak their feelings without regard to others, often in a condescending manner riddled with superiority tones. Passive individuals communicate out of fear of displeasing others; they avoid conflict often denying their own feelings or needs (Hansten, 2009). This paper will be discussing three case studies and a scenario from my own personal experience. In the first case study Rashad was passive and Robin was aggressive. Rashad an aide and Robin a RN attended a team meeting. Rashad spoke about role clarification during the meeting stating that he thought it was part of his role to anticipate some of the needs of the patients. Robin was aggressive with her tone toward Rashad and disregarded his feelings and undermined his ability to do his job. Robin stated that he was only an aide and that he should only do what he is told. Rashad then planned on being passive-aggressive toward Robin in the future by not doing his job on his own, and only doing the things he was told to do. Robin’s condescending manner when speaking to Rashad did not take into account his feelings and she spoke with a sense of superiority. Rashad, fearing losing his job if he defended against her assault, was passive and quiet while devising a plan to make her pay for the way she treated him. This type of communication between Robin and Rashad is toxic and will lead to vengefulness and hostility among coworkers. Robin could have been assertive and clarified the role of RN and aide and the expectations of both parties. Rashad could have been assertive by being confident enough to stand up for his rights and expressing his feelings a bout how Robin treated him. The second case study a school nurse named Pamela was passive or non-assertive  when dealing with a volunteer Brigite who had administered some vision and hearing tests. Pamela noticed that the previous screens results and the results from the tests that Brigite administered differed. Pamela was concerned that they were not accurate. Instead of communicating to Brigite, and possible educating Brigite on proper technique for administering the tests, Pamela decided to redo all of the tests herself. This passive type of communication lead to a lot more work for Pamela and denied Brigite the opportunity to learn. If Pamela had communicated assertively with Brigite they could have retested the students together; with Brigite learning proper technique and building a trusting relationship between Brigite and Pamela. When dealing with delegated tasks, being assertive about how to do the task with clear expectations can build a trusting relationship among staff. Failure to be assertive lead s to one party feeling like they need to do all the work; this can lead to overtime, burn out, and decreased job satisfaction. The party who was denied the opportunity to learn because of the fear of the delegatee may feel underappreciated or not a part of the team. Feeling that you have to do it all for it to get done correctly can lead to multiple people being dissatisfied with their job. In case study three, Rosa is a surgical center manager and Mabel is a surgical technician. Mabel was aggressive to Rosa with regards to her job description by stating that her grandparent was the chairman on the board and that she would have Rosa’s head on a platter. Rosa was assertive in making sure that Mabel knew that what she was refusing to do was in her job description. Managers need to be assertive and treat everyone fairly regardless of who they know or are related to. Not being assertive with Mabel could have lead to hard feelings among other coworkers. Mabel’s aggressive behavior was threatening to Rosa; not only to Rosa’s authority but for her job in general. Mabel may feel entitled due to her grandparent’s role on the board, or she may just be a lazy employee, but whatever her motivation she has created a difficult situation for her manager. Rosa needs to continue to have the confidence to remain assertive in order to maintain the respect she needs to do her managerial duties effectively. If Rosa becomes passive and lets Mabel manipulate her, she will lose the respect of the employees she manages. In my own personal scenario I was dealing with an aggressive family member whose mother was very ill and the prognosis was poor. I had to remain  assertive and not let my feelings of anger get the best of me. This family member had been caring for her mother at home for about a year. When her mother was brought to the hospital she was emaciated, weighing only 70 pounds, she had 17 pressure sores, aspiration pneumonia, and was contracted into the fetal position. The patient flinched every time her daughter came near. Although Adult Protective Services had been notified, the daughter (family member in question) was allowed to stay with the patient. Any time a staff member would try to do any care for her mother the daughter wou ld aggressively try to tell us how to do our jobs, and made accusations that we were the ones who created the sores. She often sabotaged dressing changes but inserting herself into the process often contaminating the area. Despite her aggression the staff remained assertive that we were trained to do our jobs, and that we were following policy. I was the patient’s nurse on the day that she was rapidly declining after her lung collapsed and she was actively having a heart attack. The patient’s daughter became very aggressive with me and I had to be very assertive. The daughter wanted the patient deep suctioned; she was sure that would fix her. I had to continue to be assertive and explain that suctioning would not help in this case but could make her mother worse. I involved respiratory therapy and the doctor; we had a meeting before meeting with the patient’s daughter to explain the severity of the situation. We were able to medicate the patient and the patient calmed down with her breathing. At this point the daughter accepted what the situation was and thanked me for helping her mother. I saw an opportunity to sit down beside the daughter and discuss realistic expectations and set some boundaries. By remaining confident and assertive and involving the team to join I gained the daughters trust, therefore decreasing her aggressive behavior. If I had been passive or avoidant the patient would have suffered. If I had gotten defensive and aggressive the patient would have suffered. By having good communication skills the situation was diffused and all parties came to an agreement. If I could do it over again I would have set boundaries earlier. I felt that the daughter was aggressive due to her stage in the grieving process or due to her guilt of her mother deteriorating while in her care. I was assertive when the patient’s daughter became aggressive toward me, but I was also avoidant of conflict by â€Å"choosing my battles.† Among the communication types assertive  communication is the most productive. Passive or aggressive behavior can lead to difficulty managing others, hurt feelings, and stress. To effectively communicate in the healthcare setting, assertive co mmunication is key for dealing with colleagues, patients, and their families. Reference Hansten, R. (2009). Clinical Delegation Skills: a handbook for professional practice. Retrieved from the University of Phoenix eBook collection database.

The Critical Path for Joes Toy Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Critical Path for Joes Toy Company - Essay Example The critical path is useful in tracking activities and ensuring that the various phases of the project occur within the stipulated time limits. Since each node in the critical path indicates the completion of a particular phase and also indicates the various paths of activity that have been undertaken for completion of that phase, it helps to clearly identify which elements of the plan are still incomplete and have to be incorporated into the next stage of the critical path. This method also helps to get the most important jobs done first. According to the critical path for Joe’s toy Company, there are certain elements that may be combined and implemented at the same time. For example, although the time Joe had originally allotted for funding and finalizing engineering is one week each, these projects can occur concurrently and be completed in one week to gain time. Also, the time required for building dies and tools, which was projected to be 12 weeks could be shortened furth er by investing more so that work continues during weekends. Further, Joe could also consider hiring another builder apart from Steve and diving the work between them so that project time is reduced. Two separate phases of a particular program can occur concurrently, as demonstrated in the critical path diagram. For example, establishing the advertising program and commencing initial promotional efforts can occur simultaneously with the procurement of equipment and building. Also, two different phases can be interlinked – such as project funding and engineering design, to which advertising campaign design may also be added. Debugging processes can occur simultaneously with a training of workers, through interlinking in the critical path.  Interlinking of projects is useful, mainly from the point of view of shortening the time frame required for completion of the projects. Since wages and salaries paid over a longer period can mean increased expenses, such interlinking is us eful in conserving finances through optimum use of time. Secondly, adequate time and attention can be given to each phase of the project when they are occurring concurrently.  

Essay .... Pay As You Go Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

.... Pay As You Go - Essay Example He supports the government legislation that credit card amounts given to college students should be limited. I think Estrada is right. Students at their tender age have a tendency to be impulsive buyers, therefore their credit card usage and access should be limited. However, in my opinion, credit card companies should not be the only ones that are to be blamed upon for causing these problems. However, as a whole, the students themselves, their parents and the legislators should also be held responsible for the same. As the disadvantages of using credit cards weigh more than its advantages, it should be used wisely without abuse. (Can you give some more details? Not required to expand the catchy introduction) Is it clearly state the thesis statement?) And did you clearly state these points in the body paragraph?) (Is the topic sentence here, connect to the body paragraph, and also clearly show in the Introduction-Yes up to a great extent) The ease and comfort of using credit cards is what lures the young and financially inexperienced students into debt. According to Estrada in his article, â€Å"Pay as You Go†, it is so easy for people to go into debt and that young people, particularly the students for example, can take out a loan of $3,000.00 to spend on a top-of-the-line laptop. Although they may need the computer, this is too much waste of money. Estrada further states that young people under the age of 21 are not responsible enough to borrow money, wisely. They do not realize that they have to pay this back at a certain time and if they are not able to do so, they will only end up one day with bad credit. They are too inexperienced to understand the long term financial consequences. This becomes a burden on them which I think, is true because, I can relate to this situation and m ay be for other students too. I remember that when I graduated from high school, I did not know anything about credit cards. When I received my first credit card, I bought

Syrian Government Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Syrian Government - Research Paper Example It states that Syria is an integral part of the Arab homeland and that all the people of the country have all the legislative power. The president and the members of parliament are elected by the people through their votes. However it appears that the enforcement of these principles is not ensured by the government since many years. Branches of the Government The structure of the Syrian government consists of the executive, the legislative, and the judicial branches. The Executive Branch The president is the head of the state and the chief officer of the government. He is elected by the people through referendum for a term of seven years. The constitution required that the president be of no less than 34 years of age and a Muslim. The constitution gives right to the president to appoint two vice-presidents, to name the prime minister and to dismiss him, other deputy minister, the members of the Cabinet and the military officers. Dr. Bashar al-Assad is currently serving as the preside nt (Britannica). The Legislative Branch The legislative branch is called Majlis-al-Shaab or the People’s Assembly. It is a 250-member unicameral body. The members are elected by the people through elections for a term of four years. People’s Assembly is represented by the members of different political parties. However, the majority of the seats are reserved or the National Progressive Front (NPF) which consist of the members of the Baath Party (Cafe Syria). The Council nominates a candidate for the presidential elections, discussion of economic matters and approval of the budget and the government policies. It also enacts the laws; however, initiation of law is not covered under its functions. The Judicial Branch The judicial system of Syria consists of courts at three levels: Courts of first instance (which comprises of magistrate and peace courts), courts of appeal (there is one court of appeal per province like a High Court), and the Constitutional courts which is the highest tribunal authority. The judicial system itself has the elements of Islamic, ottoman and the French Laws. The Supreme Constitutional Court is the head of the judicial system. It’s members consist of a chief justice and a bench of four different judges who all are appointed by the president for a period of four years (Mongabay). Problems with the Syrian Political System Although the constitution of Syria says that its people have every right to elect and appoint the president in general elections, the president is actually imposed through the unopposed popular referenda. The passing of presidential title by virtue of hereditary entitlement is quite apparent although the constitution says the government is of the republic form. And many attempts are made by the government to remove the opposing forces and continue to pass the title in this way. For example, in order to make Bashar (Hafiz al-Assad’s son), eligible for nomination in the presidential election, th e minimum age restriction was changed from 40 to 34 in 2000. Moreover the people cannot change the government. Most of the power resides with the president and he has the power to dissolve the legislature as well. The People’s Assembly may criticize the government’s policy or express its views on the economic matters, but it cannot initiate the law. The degree of public accountability is minimum and the government does not tolerate any political opposition (Mongabay). Syrian and U.S Political Systems Compared In this section

Final persuasive memo prsentation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final persuasive memo prsentation - Assignment Example This is water that members of the aforementioned community needs for purposes of drinking, domestic use, and industrial use primarily. A recent test conducted on water sources from major water bodies such as beaches, rivers and residential areas in the area revealed a disturbing pattern. This is whereby water pollution scored up to 35.71% on the pollution index. (MDEP, 2012). The following is a pictorial representation of pollution statistics in the area. Figure 1: Pollution Statistics in Boston Area As is clear from the graph, noise pollution is the highest in the region, followed closely by the pollution of water. The memo explains that some of the waste products discovered in the tested water included chemical effluent, plastics and sewage water. The chemical effluent was highly concentrated with some of the waste product that is typically from breweries. Proposed CSR program This is where Boston Beers CSR comes in. Boston Beers needs to participate in ensuring clean and safe wate r for use in the community. This is because of a number of reasons. First, the water tested was high in effluent from breweries, characterized by nitrogen, carbohydrates and cleaning reagents (Natural Resources Defense Council, n.d.). These destroy plant and animal life in rivers and bring about many ailments. Secondly, Boston Beers ranks poorly on the scales rating measures taken to reduce on water pollution. Finally, the company needs water to stay in operation. This is impossible with rampant pollution. Implementation of the Program In order to ensure that water in the community is safe for use, the company should embark on treating waste water from production. One of the ways in which the company can protect the community is by treating water on-site for recycled use, as opposed to letting it flow into the primary water sources in the community. This project is considered to be of low cost to the company. First, various authorities on the subject have analyzed the treatment plan . It is not capital-intensive like other alternative treatment plans are. For example, the cost of equipment for this method is up to 50% less than that used in the CIP treatment (Fillaudeau ,Blanpainavet and Daufin, 2006). (CIP stands for Clean-In-Place. It is a method that focuses on cleaning the interior surfaces of brewery equipment, for example the filters and pipework. Using this method, water containing acid and caustic soda from the brewing process is flushed out and the enzymes broken down using a chemical process before being released into water bodies. The proposed treatment plan is, first, better and cheaper given that it entails recycling of water while CIP does not. Secondly, CIP treatment is more expensive (Hanovia, n.d.). In addition to this, a report produced by the National Resources Defense Council indicated that breweries using this system incurred minimal costs. Lastly, wastewater costs Boston Beers at least $200,000 annually. This can be reduced significantly b y treating water. Benefits to the Company The project holds endless potential for Boston Beers. First, the program reduces costs incurred due to pollution of water by way of taxation, because authorities tax the brewery based on units of pollution. Secondly, methane, which is by-product of the treatment, can be used to power generators used in production in the breweries, which could drastically lower the cost of powering the plant. Thirdly,

The Film American Beauty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Film American Beauty - Essay Example The philosophical idea of beauty Since the early days of Greek philosophy circa 427 B.C., the question of what is beauty has been asked. And in the earthly yet lofty discussion of the Dialogues, Plato narrates how his teacher Socrates draws them to realize that beauty is not only what is fair in physical form-- such as of a face, hands or other parts of the body --- but also what is fair or good in speech and knowledge. â€Å"Is not the good also the beautiful,† says Socrates (Jowett Translation 204). Apart from what is readily understood, Socrates speaks in more mystical terms as he teaches contemplation as a mental gaze to see â€Å" the very essence of beauty itself, everlasting not growing and decaying, or waxing or waning. . . which if beheld one would look and be with, bringing forth and nourishing true virtue† (118). The vision of Socrates on absolute beauty is not what is commonly known about the beautiful things in everyday life. Ordinarily, beauty is referred to with reference to appeal or loveliness mainly of the physical form, often enough of women. It would therefore be interesting to be clarified on what Socrates means by true, simple and divine beauty which â€Å"when beholden with the eye of the mind enables one to realize realities beyond images or physical form. The movie American Beauty may just have a comparable idea about absolute beauty. What American Beauty is In the movie American Beauty, the idea of beauty or the good is typified by the main characters. Living up to his ideal of the military service, Col. Fitts of the Marine Corps thinks military-like authority and discipline is good or beautiful for his family. He therefore subdued his own wife to full subservience and his son Ricky to outwardly regarding him as a role model and war hero. Next door neighbours are the Burnhams with Caroline Burnham bravely standing for the beauty of America’s economic rat-race which has turned her into a fierce competitor at the expense of her husband Lester, who has become less of a husband and more of a liability in her life. The teenage Angela Hayes typifies the young American beauty, obsessed with the need for attention and popularity among schoolmates. Her best friend Jane, daughter of Lester and Carol Burnham, has become the sounding board to her constant craving for adulation and her unending need to be someone special and not ordinary in school. Central to the movie, however, is not Angela, but Lester Burnham. The movie flows with his off-cam narrative and dramatic solutions to solve a middle-age crisis and discover the good and beautiful in life. Closely helping him in his search for life’s meaning is the young Ricky Fitts who introduced him to life space through drugs until Lester’s life was cut short by an assailant’s gun, that of Ri cky’s own father Col Fitts. The varied objects which appeared good or beautiful to the movie’s characters appear to compose the totality of beauty in the American way of life -- authority drawn from soldiery for Col. Fritts, drive for success at the expense of family for Carolyn, search for life space for Lester Burnham, popularity and attention for the insecure Angela, and the double life of discipline-and-drugs for the young Ricky Fitts. Who is the American Beauty It is easy to say that Angela Hayes, the object of a fleeting attraction of Lester Burnham is

Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013) Movie Review

Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013) - Movie Review Example He argues that the people are past the stage of understanding that the truth has been revealed and there is enough to move the people to action or educate them. He states that the people need the type of analysis that is usually given by the journalists. Ranging interviews that range from ACLU spokesperson to the Federal Protection Commissioner of Germany, Peter Schaar that explains what other third parties and the government can do in order to spy on an individual. The documentary is considered a provocative film rather than an informative film (Mortensen, 22). The movie employs a common mix of fresh taking head conversation and archival new clips that are enlivened by humorous animated sequences considerations from Ryan Kramer and Chris Allison to deal with two tightly knotted questions. 2) And can we, when the intentions of corporate turnover and national retreat align to affect forever more indiscreet modes of the numerical Peeping Tom Mage, hoping that they will roll the shutters back down another time? To provide the answers to the first question, Hoback provides a list of what can be considered as utter outrages or unfortunate overreach depending on the viewer’s perspective on the personal privacy. The Irish tourist with director Hoback sends a tweet message to their friend before going to a vacation in the United States insinuating that he wants to have some drinks and later â€Å"destroy America.† (Mortensen, 37). A target manager is criticized by a Minnesota father after a coupon mailing gives the daughter a discount on the maternity wear and on the baby furniture and later discovers that her daughter was already pregnant something he did not know. Another scenario is when a comic in the New York City is frustrated because of his experience at the apple genius bar. He takes this to Facebook to figure

M I B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

M I B - Essay Example arget markets, and political forces that would affect the organization’s decision to venture abroad; and (3) as long as there are potentials and opportunities in the local market, Wal-Mart wanted to tap these to build enough internal resources and financial capabilities to prepare for international expansion. During the early stages of its international expansion in the 1990s, Wal-Mart predominantly selected countries closest to its geographical location and where the profile of the target market share parallel behavior with those exhibited in the local markets. The first market it expanded to was Mexico, which was located just beyond their border. The rest of the countries were also close geographically, like Puerto Rico and Canada. Expansion to other countries such as Hong Kong, could have considered the nature of expanding markets and the vast opportunities that the target markets from this location could contribute to Wal-Mart’s international growth. The organization could have also considered the incentives provided by the international governments, including tax incentives or subsidies for setting up greenfield investments in these areas. Wal-Mart chooses between acquisitions, greenfield investments and joint ventures on the following grounds: (1) after considering costs of market entry; (2) cultural underpinnings; (3) government incentives and legal laws; (4) human resources expertise and capabilities; (5) familiarity with the environment; and (6) consumer profiles. Under greenfield investments, for example, Wal-Mart decides based on lack of potential targets to be acquired and there are local resources deemed experts to operate the organization. Joint venture, are most appropriate in cases where there has been an identified organization with competencies in the area and both partners could contribute their respective core competencies to result in longer term mutual gains. As indicated by the case facts, â€Å"a joint venture agreement rather than full

Macroeconomic Convergence, Development And Growth Essay

Macroeconomic Convergence, Development And Growth - Essay Example The convergence process is dependent on a large number of factors such as the population growth, speed of capital formation and the presence of efficient economic policies as well as appropriate financial institutions. Along with this the accumulation of human and physical capital are important as it significantly influences the savings and rate of investment (Halmai & Vasary, 2009, p.3). Technological spread, change in growth rate and total productivity of the factors are the major players in enhancing the rate of convergence (Halmai & Vasary, 2009, p.3). As per professor Jeffrey Sachs, countries following closed economic polies have not been successful in converging. The countries following closed economic policies had a growth rate of 2% whereas the countries following open economic policies have a growth rate of 4.5 %. As sited by many economists, endogenous rather than the exogenous factors triggers the growth of an economy (Alfaro et al, 2005). The Asian tigers such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and South Korea have been successful in converging with the developed countries. An economy is said to have achieved economic growth, if it is able to produce more goods and services than what it used to produce initially. Economic growth is often related with technological progress. If an economy has achieved growth than the standard of living of its citizens also improves. In US, the economic growth occurred with the introduction of high technology in the country. Financial development also follows from the economic growth. This is due to the fact that if an economy is financially sound then its economy is also developed. Association between Economic Growth and Macroeconomic Convergence Economic growth takes place in a country whenever the resources are utilised more efficiently (Romer, 2007). As per the neoclassical growth theories, a country converges to its steady state rate, if there exists diminishing returns from investing in the physical capitals. Poore r economies have a greater tendency to converge owning to its high marginal productivity. This process of convergence which eventually leads in the equalisation of the per capita incomes amongst the countries is called absolute convergence. If for a country the convergence takes place both in terms of growth rate as well as income levels than the process becomes beta convergence. According to the idea of club convergence, if countries have similar initial conditions then they have a tendency to converge. This concept is regarded as sigma convergence. It is also emphasised that if the countries vary in their initial conditions then they will not converge, this could however be overcome if the economic policies could eliminate the variations. Solow growth model emphasise that such variations in a country’s economic policy cannot lead to long run economic growth (Romer, P, 2007). As the scatter plot alongside shows, the association between average annual growth rate and real GDP per capita need not be associated similarly for all nations, even though they are featured by similar initial characteristics. A country’s economic growth is measured by its level of technological progress. According to the endogenous growth theory, creation of enlarged market in an economy leads to a better utilisation of economies of scale. This on the other hand has a positive impact on a

Response to a Midsummer Nights Dream Essay Example for Free

Response to a Midsummer Nights Dream Essay I grew interested in the play’s conflict, since it seems modern day typical. I, for one, enjoy watching love stories and dramas. This play, served just that purpose. Reading of the avenged lover’s, Hermia and Lysander, plan to run into the forest to marry seemed likely to be seen on a Wednesday night, 9:00PM, drama series. Which, I absolutely love! Then, the play takes a twist from reality. Helena acquires information related to Hermia and Lysander’s plan to marry, which provides her initiative to tell Demetrius. She intends on winning back the love of Demetrius. The two of them go out in search of the Lysander and Hermia, and find that they’ve all landed themselves in a forest filled with â€Å"fairies. † When introduced to the idea of fairies, I was a bit distraught. I was filled with enjoyment because the plot seemed so realistic! Discouraged from reading the play, I found myself wondering, what on earth could be the position of these fairies in the forest? Noticing that I was wondering about the fairies, made me realize that I actually was interested; otherwise I wouldn’t be thinking about it. What a premeditated man Shakespeare is! These fairies were passionate about disrupting the love affairs of surrounding humans. Ha! He just made it more interesting. By entrance into the fairy-infested woods, the romantic lives of these couples converted to very complicated. Oberon, the King, and Titania, the Queen of all the forest fairies lead and direct Puck, or Robin, as he achieves his mischievous tactics. Oberon, decided upon mismatching the lovers as a consequence for their disturbance. He refers Puck to the power of a magical, love-bringing flower. A flower that can literally teach someone to love, why can’t we have that in real life? Puck, being clumsily skillful, uses the magic against the wrong person! He played the magic trick on Lysander instead of Demetrius, the intended target. As a result, he falls in love with the first person he see’s after awakening, Helena. Trying to undo his mistake, Puck makes Demetrius fall in love with Helena as well. Hermia is now very upset. He created pure chaos, and just the way I like it. Firstly, I am not a fan of the comedy in this play. However, Shakespeare casually, yet competently, creates a mix of humor and love. The artisans are portrayed as foolish while imitating the play of â€Å"Pyramis and Thysby. They mock words in the play, for instance when Bottom says, â€Å"Thisbe, the flowers of odious savors sweet—,† Quince corrects him with, â€Å"Odors,† â€Å"odors. † â€Å"Odious† is another word for unpleasant, while â€Å"odors† pertains to the fragrant smell of â€Å"sweet† flowers. It makes me snicker at the th ought of messing up a line so simple and a word so ironic from it’s original. Yet it feels unrelated and sort of disconnects my thought from the play. I will however say, the thought of the Athenian’s head turning into that of an Ass is a bit amusing. I find that humor is necessary when writing works filled with such seriousness and drama, it just happens to be that I am not a fan. I found this play exciting and pleasantly full of drama. Shakespeare’s works of literature are all fabulous in many different ways through use of common themes such as love and dreams. The love of these couples was at first true, but then foolishly played around with. Hermia felt mocked by Lysander and Demetrius, a feeling that most females often feel when men act in this manner. She was accustomed to these men being in love with her, and then they suddenly were in love with Helena. By morning Puck is able to undo all the spells, making all well again. They engage in a group wedding, marrying Helena and Demetrius, and Lysander and Hermia. The end of the play involves the fairies sprinkling dust to protect these couples in the future. Puck also remains to ask for forgiveness and to remember the play as though it was all a dream. The theme of love and dreams combine in this play making it an excellent eye-opener. Sometimes, things must happen for all to go the way one pleases. I enjoyed this play from beginning to end because of its realistic encounters mixed with the ideas fantasy.

Company G 3 Year Marketing Plan Essay Example for Free

Company G 3 Year Marketing Plan Essay XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices. Introduction With two decades of innovative and award winning design, Company G has grown to be a market leader in consumer electronics. The Company enjoys unparalleled brand recognition and is highly rated and trusted by consumers worldwide. Company G’s products are known for their original design, durability and use of innovative technology. Company G’s brands enjoy both high consumer desirability and high consumer loyalty. With a reputation as a trend setter, many of Company G’s mobile electronic products are sought-after as â€Å"Status Symbols† purchases. Some of the Company’s products benefit from a cult like following among early adopters and some serve as industry bench-marks against similar products. With the introduction of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway, the Company plans to continue to strive to be the first to market in the consumer electronic market segments that it enjoys competing in. The Company will also maintain the practice of extending products life cycles and promoting their market positions by offering novel peripheral products such as the XG Wi-Fi Gateway timed to support and broaden the market interest and appeal associated with other existing XG products. Mission Statement â€Å"We combine beautiful design and intuitive functionally to provide consumers with desirable products that enhance the quality and convenience of their lives.† The Product The new XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices allows consumers to easily manage which Wi-Fi enabled mobile device can assess their secured home Wi-Fi network. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a peripheral product of the Company’s popular XG Wireless Router series. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is industry compliant with North America and Euro Zone wireless communication standards and is compatible with other manufacturer’s routers. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices allows a consumer to manage their secure home Wi-Fi network through any other device designated as the â€Å"Administrator†. When a new Wi-Fi enabled device attempts to access the home Wi-Fi network through the XG Wi-Fi Gateway, an alert message is sent to the administrator. The administrator can choose several pre-set network access options as well as select from their own custom rules allowing or limiting network access to specific devices. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices is a 3 inch by 3 inch by 1/3 inch pad that links to the home router via a 2.0 USB plug. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices can also connect directly to any router with the additional purchase of a USB to Ethernet converter cable. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices has a minimal footprint. Once connected, the consumer does not have to interact with or manipulate the devices and it can be hidden or placed out of the way behind a computer or router. The administrator interacts with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices through the Wi-Fi Gateway application. The software is provided and compatible with desktop and laptop computers running Windows, OS X and Chrome operating systems. A free Wi-Fi Gateway application can also be downloaded, installed and run on smart phones and tablets using iOS, Android and Windows Mobile. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices is also compatible with the Xbox360 and PS3 gaming consoles. Consumer Product Classification The consumer product classification for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices falls under a shopping product. Additionally it should be considered with a sub-classification of unsought products. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway extends the functionality and security of modern router, thus the separate, pre-purchase of a router is required. Consumers have ample information available to make decisions regarding purchase decisions for routers; however, they have limited knowledge of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway peripheral or add-on. Consumers will require education and persuasion during the buying process. This is seen as a unique product, currently, there are no other devices or substitutes that offer the functionality of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway. Target Market Majority of our consumers will be males, head of household age 25-54, in a home with a wireless router. The household has multiple computers, smart phones or tablets. Our consumer expresses interest in electronic gadgets and considers themselves to be a â€Å"tech savvy† buyer. The target consumer is conscious about online security threats and has purchased or upgraded anti-virus software in the last 24 months. Our shopper is engaged with online social networks and media with most news delivered to the household digitally. Purchases of electronic products are heavily influenced by the favorable opinions and reviews from friends and colleagues. They are also strongly influenced by negative reviews of products by tech blogs and consumer comments in social media. Household income of our target consumer is $32,000- $70,000 annually with at least one child living in the home. Analysis of Competitive Environment Threat of new competition The threat of new competition is high. Our belief is the technologies associated with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway could be replicated by any of the other leading manufacturers of wireless routers. Company G hold proprietary technology in the design of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway and will fight to protect its interests and rights, however other manufactures could adopt their own existing patents and processes to compete. We feel these other established brands with distribution channels could generate a competitive rivalry if they choose to enter this market. Threat of substitute products or services The threat of a substitute product is low. Consumers determine if they have a need for the features offered by the XG Wi-Fi Gateway or they choose to forgo those features and service. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway has a high level of product differentiation. Consumers attempting to replicate the services of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway will find it technologically challenging and cost prohibitive to duplicate. Bargaining power of consumers Consumers have moderate bargaining power. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a discretionary purchase. The consumer has to desire the enhanced control of their home Wi-Fi network and or the additional security offered by the product. Buyers who have suffered a loss from a network breach will be less price sensitive than those only looking to enhance their level of control. We expect downward price pressure due to demand to bundle and discount the XG Wi-Fi Gateway with other XG routers. Bargaining power of suppliers Threats from suppliers are low. While our product is new, most of the individual components are already mass produced or can easily be produced on existing manufacturing lines requiring only minimal retooling. Key proprietary components can be produced by several of Company G’s subsidiaries. Suppliers and materials are plentiful and available globally. Intensity of competitive rivalry Rivalry is low. Currently there are no competing products for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway market. Company G enjoys significant brand recognition and brand loyalty. The XG lines also profits from a history of positive consumer reviews and ratings and benefits from higher perceived value when compared to similar products in the market. Outlays are kept low by utilizing existing manufacturing facilities and distribution channels. Costs, such as RD, marketing, engineering and packaging design are allocated and shared across the whole XG catalog of products. SWOT Analysis Strengths 1.Company G and the XG Brand have high consumer loyalty and are recognized for innovative product design and functionality. 2.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is the first of a kind to market. 3.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway received positive reviews from influential tech blogs and media. Support 1.Company G has carefully nurtured and reinforced its company brands. Company G has invested a considerable amount of resources promoting and showcasing the various products in the XG line. XG branded products benefit for the loyalty and familiarity consumers have with the existing line thus helping to lower overall new consumer acquisitions costs. We consider this strength to be a core competency. 2.As a first of a kind to market, Company G can maintain a higher price point by controlling the amount of products available without fear of lost of market share to competition. Company G can operate as a monopoly until others enter the market. First to the market also helps reinforce the XG brand’s reputation as a leader in providing cutting edge technology to consumers. We consider this strength to be a core competency. 3.Our target market reads and is influenced by tech blog reviews. Tech blog reviews are a valuable cost neutral resource for increasing product awareness and help raise consumer sentiment and increase product differentiation. Weaknesses 1.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a secondary purchase or upgrade after the initial purchase of a router. 2.Low target consumer awareness of product. 3.Target consumer requires educated before purchase. Support 1.Consumers are resistant to making an additional secondary purchase after deciding to buy a router. Consumers realize the enhanced services the XG Wi-Fi Gateway offers are not essential to a secure home network and may postpone a purchase until a demonstrated need is established. 2.As a first of a kind to market, consumers are not aware of the product. The target market is highly sought after and regularly bombarded with sophisticated marketing campaigns. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a peripheral product and does not command the spotlight associated with a flagship product launch. 3.Our target consumer will do research prior to making a purchase. Company G will have to put forth assessable information through multiple media outlets for the consumer to find and review. Additionally, sales persons and other trusted sources will need to be introduced to specifications and features of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway to be credible and persuasive. Opportunities 1.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway can be developed for commercial and retail use. 2.Integration into other manufactures’ routers through licensing agreements. 3.Add versatility with the incorporation with NFC (near field communication) chips. Support 1.The technology in the XG Wi-Fi Gateway could be upgraded to provide a solution in commercial spaces (coffee shops, restaurants stores) that want to control, monitor or monetize their Wi-Fi bandwidth service. This would expand the XG line into a new market. 2.Company G could increase revenues by licensing the XG Wi-Fi Gateway technology to other router manufactures. By providing completive licensing agreements, it reduces the incentive of the competition from developing rival technology. 3.Near field communication (NFC) chips are an emerging technology with potential to disrupt retail checkout/payment process. The inclusion of NFC could help broaden the market for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway as the technology becomes more widely available in the retail industry. Threats 1.Shifts in technology away from Wi-Fi protocols and services. 2.A low cost competitor enters and disrupts the market. 3.A widespread security breach or software flaw could be catastrophic for the product. Support 1.The pace of change and innovations in technology is ever quickening. Consumer sentiment tends to move towards the newest standard. Wi-Fi technology is well established, reliable and widely taken for granted, it is the old guard. Some modern countries have already shifted away from Wi-Fi services in favor of cellular protocols or Super Wi-Fi, which functions in the TVWS bandwidth. Any shift away from the Wi-Fi protocol would require retooling of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway with new technology which may be prohibitive due to IP rights or development costs. 2.If a low cost competitor enters the market, Company G would have to spend additional marketing resources defending its market share. Company G would also have to engage in completive pricing to maintain its market position. Lower pricing and increased marketing efforts will have a negative impact on the XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s profits. 3.A security breach could permanently tarnish the XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s reputation. A major flaw or breach could kill the product’s viability in just a few days. Any breach would be an embarrassment to Company G, could result in lower share prices and expose the company to additional liabilities and lawsuits. Marketing Objectives Product Objective Provide our target consumer with an innovated and desirable product that is friendly and enhances their online activities with ease of use, technological compatibility and upgradeability resulting in annual sales of 1.5 million units in the first year, 3 million by the second year and 5 million by the third. Price Objective Pricing for a stand along XG Wi-Fi Gateway will start at $34.99. Company G will also offer up to a 20% savings premium when retailers order, bundle and promote the XG Wi-Fi Gateway with other XG products. Place Objective The XG Wi-Fi Gateway will utilize existing Company G online and retail distribution channels throughout North America and Europe. Additionally, the XG Wi-Fi Gateway will be carried and offered by the 3 leading cable companies in North America when selling optional residential broadband internet services. 100 days post launch, Company G will also introduce the XG Wi-Fi Gateway into ATT and T-Mobile retail stores and kiosks in North America along with Vodafone retail outlets in the UK and Movistar retail outlets in Spain. Company G will continue to utilize its proprietary predictive algorithms to ensure global product availability. Promotion Objective We expect to increase our target consumer awareness of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway by 25% in the first six months and by 33% by each year post launch. Catching the attentions of our target consume and demonstrating the XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s unique features will be critical to the product’s success. Company G will leverage its name recognition, reputation and media relationships along with its vast distribution channels to ensure the target consumer has ample opportunities to learn about and interact with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway prior to purchase. These Marketing Objectives are crafted to provide the optimal return for all of Company G’s stakeholders. Marketing Strategies Product Strategies †¢Compatibility The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is compatible with all major router equipment sold in North America and Europe. Our target consumer will be assured that The XG Wi-Fi Gateway will work will even previously purchased equipment regardless of the manufacture. †¢Friendly, Ease of Use The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a plug and forget it device. The software is multi-operating system compatible. The user interface has been extensively reviewed and focuses group tested to ensure an appropriate and intuitive workflow. †¢Longevity, Durability The XG Wi-Fi Gateway hardware has no moving parts and is incased in a durable vinyl covering. The hardware has a life expectancy, with normal use, of 5 to 8 years. Software upgrades are pushed to the device as needed, no interaction is required from the consumer. Given current trends in Wi-Fi technology, Company G expects the software to be compliant with FCC and EU regulators for 10 or more years. Price Strategies †¢Skimming Model Company G will use Skimming Model for the first 100 days. Leading up to The XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s launch, marketing efforts will target the less price sensitive â€Å"early adopters† portion of our consumer group. †¢High-low Pricing High-low pricing will be utilized for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway after 100 days post launch. Special offers will be presented through online and traditional retailers when they bundle other Company G products with the purchase of a The XG Wi-Fi Gateway. Company G will also offer a rebate program in secondary markets coinciding with â€Å"back to school† activities. †¢Psychological Pricing Psychological pricing will be used to have an encouraging psychological influence on our target consumer. The consumer is well educated and well connected and knows what his peers have paid for other similar products. This pricing model will ensure he feels satisfied with the decision leading up to his purchase and comfortable sharing that information with his peer group. Place Strategy †¢Strategic Channel Alliances Company G will utilize strategic channel alliances to get the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in to areas where our target consumers live, work and play. We are partnering with recognized industry leaders to cross promote their compatible products with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway. This strategy allows consumers to see how the product works with other devices and gives them the opportunity to realize an immediate benefit of ownership. †¢Intensive Distribution Model Company G will also unitize an intensive distribution model. We will maximize our current distribution network to deliver the XG Wi-Fi Gateway to all available channels our target consumer may wish to utilize to make a purchase. †¢Pull Strategy Since our consumer desires product specifications in order to make a purchasing decision, Company G will take that â€Å"teaching† opportunity and convert it in to a desire to, at a minimum, interact with the physical product. We will run a campaign to persuade consumers to â€Å"give it a try yourself at your local electronics retailer†. This pull strategy should help Company G entice retailers to provide the XG Wi-Fi Gateway a more prominent position in their outlets as consumers ask to interact with the device. Promotion Strategies †¢Trade Shows Trade Shows are an important and ideal location to introduce the XG Wi-Fi Gateway to our target consumer. He regularly attends trade shows and often shares part of his experience on social media. If our consumer does not attend a show, he often seeks out opinions or stories from friends that have attended. The trade show environment allows us to craft the best possible informational and presentation opportunity outside of the consumer’s own home. This strategy is important because our consumer tends to make multiple electronics purchase within three months after attending a Consumer Electronics Show. †¢Product Placements Seeing the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in use is important to our target consumer. We are identifying their popular movies, television and web series and negotiating subtle placement of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in to the main story’s setting. Company G used this strategy successfully for several of its mobile products. The overall return for this strategy was better than that of a 30 second commercial buy on a similar type show. Our consumer pays attention to their favorite show and interprets the commercials as interruptions. †¢Trade Allowances Company G will provide advertising and promotion allowances in targeted markets. Trade allowances will be based on a matrix consisting of ratings for the importance of market, the retailer’s foot traffic, sales volume and ad placement and media buy. Retailers can determine how to use the allowance within the terms and conditions of the trade allowance agreement. This strategy demonstrates that Company G values the retailer’s understanding of how to capitalize on the unique marketing challenges in their local market. Tactics and Action Plan Product Action Plan †¢Compatibility oTactic: Test and adjust all XG Wi-Fi Gateway components to ensure the final unit meets all FCC and EU regulations. Test and rate for compatibility against all targeted compatible products. Make adjustments and updates when identified. oDue Date: 6 months before launch then ongoing every 6 months throughout the products life cycle. oResponsible Party: A team made-up of members for the software development group, components and hardware group, competitor intelligence group and the product management team. †¢Friendly, Ease of Use oTactic: Ensure the XG Wi-Fi Gateway is user friendly and offers an intuitive user interface. oDue Date: 9 month ahead of launch. Review will also be conducted before the release of any update that may impact the user interface. oResponsible Party: A team made up of members from market research, software development, public relations and the product management team. †¢Longevity, Durability oTactic: Only high quality components from Company G selected suppliers will be utilized in the manufacturing of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway. All parts are randomly selected for quality assurance and destructive testing throughout the assembly cycle. oDue Date: Continuous once components arrive for assembly. oResponsible Party: Quality control team as well as independent 3rd party auditors. Price Action Plan †¢Skimming Model oTactic: Capitalize and maximize revenue on consumer interest and desire to own a cutting edge product. oDue Date: Initial pricing to be finalized 90 days prior to launch and monitored for the first 100 days post launch oResponsible Party: Financial analysts, accounting, channel marking managers and product management. †¢High-low Pricing oTactic: To maximize the revenue opportunities by providing incentives for retailers and consumers by making special offers by bundling Company G products or offering appropriate rebates. oDue Date: Special pricing, bundling offers and rebate programs will be finalized at launch then reviewed every 3 months. oResponsible Party: Marketing managers, financial analysts, channel marking managers and product managers. †¢Psychological Pricing oTactic: Ensure our target consumer is persuaded that the perceived value is greater than actual retail price. oDue Date: 90 days prior to launch then every 3 months. oResponsible Party: Marketing managers, public relations team, consumer research team, independent 3rd party consumer survey team Place Action Plan †¢Strategic Channel Alliances oTactic: Partner with non-retail partners to introduce the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in unique and impactful locations and situations to our target consumer. oDue Date: 1 year prior to launch then every 3 months. oResponsible Party: Marketing team, channel marking managers and product managers. †¢Intensive Distribution Model oTactic: We will engage all of our distribution and retail partners throughout the entire product cycle. oDue Date: 1 year prior to launch then continuous. oResponsible Party: channel marking managers and distribution management team †¢Pull Strategy oTactic: Entice consumers to ask their local retailers about the XG Wi-Fi Gateway oDue Date:90 days prior to launch then continuously for the first 100 days oResponsible Party: Marketing team and public relations team Promotion Action Plan †¢Trade Shows oTactic: Secure prominent floor space at CESs and Home Shows in major and secondary markets oDue Date:1 Year prior to product launch oResponsible Party: Marketing team, product management team †¢Product Placements oTactic: Identify and secure placement opportunities on targeted media outlets/shows oDue Date: 9 months before launch and through the first year oResponsible Party: Marketing team and media relations team †¢Trade Allowances oTactic: Provide strategic retailers marketing and promotional resources to increase awareness of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in the local markets they serve. oDue Date: 3 months prior to launch then ongoing. oResponsible Party: Marketing team and channel marking managers Monitoring Procedures To ensure the Product and Marketing Teams meet the XG Wi-Fi Gateway meets Company G’s financial performance goals: Monitoring Activity: Regular review of ongoing product performance and benchmarking. Due Date/Frequency: Weekly meetings.

Compare And Contrast Different Organisational Structures Commerce Essay

Compare And Contrast Different Organisational Structures Commerce Essay Organisation can be identified through their responsibilities, authorities and relationships in the market. There are ways to organise companies to get effectiveness in market. The structures of organisation play important role in development of company. These structures are based on cultural identity of organisation the way its structures behave. (Botha, 2008)These structures are to keep work flow and bring profits and the way they work they create culture. The degree of influence within organisation and the systematic approach to organise the activities forms culture. There are following types of structures in companies depending on their composition. Bureaucratic and Administrative structure Functional Structure Divisional structure Structure Matrix These structures form a way of functioning and behaviour of the company. These can be divided into following groups based on company culture. Circle organization Team Network Virtual This depends on the facilities, policies and aims of the organisation how they use structure and culture in their favour. (Brooks, 2010) Companies in past remain under bureaucratic structure but with passage of time and learning now they have adopted a liberal form of structure which created liberal and devolvement culture with in origination where team work is more important that control from top to bottom. Explain how relationship between an organisations structure and culture can impact on the performance of the business The performance of business can be affected by the relationship of structure and culture if the structures are not leading to a healthy sympathetic culture of work then company cannot meet its targets and cannot survive in the market. Company structure should be accommodative to espouse new good culture and cultural outlook should be in way to strengthen the structure and support the outcome of the activities in positive and profit oriented way. If we see the corporate culture is kind of approach that companys top management tries to project for their company as it portrays the systematic and organised business culture. Companies with better and organised culture try to keep the distance between the top management and junior ranks though in 21st century its all about the team work. (Harrison, 2002) Companies should promote harmonic and team work based culture. This systematic organisation of company culture and the structures to support the culture have visible impact on the performa nce of company business and it also presents the picture which helps investor and customers to decide the purchase activity related to company. This is factor behind the company management organising such events where they can introduce the structures and culture in their company through different mediums. Sometime they are using commercial media and some time the main stream media to give the introduction of their structures and culture. On business media companies tries to occupy more time in discussions that gives them advantage in marketing. (Ries, 2005) Similarly the workers and employees also get inspiration from structures and culture of company and they feel proud and loyal to a good organised structure and developmental culture in their company while they are with friends and family or in general public and they also try to promote the values of company. Discus the factors which influence individual behaviour at work There are many factors which influence the staff while they are at work. These factors are included company structures, hierarchy, culture, values, aims, objectives, benefits and punishment system. The staffs try to get support from existing company system. If there is not well established structure staff can not feel good and supportive attitude from top management towards their work so they loos the work interest after time. Similarly if there is not well define and developmental culture in company staff try to escape the work and lazy attitude is developed over time. If there is no well defined hierarchy in company there can be time and resources loss due to delays confusions and overlapping of work. (Cardy, 2003) If company holds good corporate values staff also feels secure and proud about company and they try to fulfil company goals and aims. The benefit are key to individuals at work as every human have basic life necessities and major motive behind any job or work is to fulfi l those needs if company is not providing enough financial and other supportive benefits to staff they will try to slip from company as soon as they will find better opportunity so it is necessary to keep staff loyal to company through providing them better financial and other benefits like health benefits and pensions. (Forster, 2005) Last but not least thing is punishment and reward system in absence of such punishment and reward system company management cannot get maximum effort from staff. It is necessary to use stick and carrot strategy with in company to get individuals work properly according to set targets of growth and development in business. Task Two Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organisations There are many leadership theories which define different leadership styles in business. Mostly the leadership style in companies is based on the approach of top management or owners of the company. Here is analysis about some of leadership styles and strategies along with their effectiveness for organisations. 1. Autocratic leadership This form of leadership is example of extreme transactional leadership, in which leader of company or top managers use power tool to deal the work and workers. Staff members have little chance to give suggestions and decide according to their. (Forster, 2005) This type of leadership cannot work with large organisations but it is good for small organisation especially where there is untrained labour or staff and unskilled jobs. But in large organisation it can lead to lazy attitudes, higher level of absenteeism and turnover 2. Bureaucratic leadership Bureaucratic leadership is way in which rules are followed strictly and work is done in the bases of book. It is very popular leadership style even with modification and modern approach in all companies this type of leadership is found at any level. This is good for work where there is serious work involve human life risk and handling of machinery, but in service sector it can lead to disaster where staff will try to implement and follow book and situation will required the diversity of action and response. 3. Charismatic leadership It is form of leadership which emerges with strength of personality and it creates higher level of acceptance among staff. It carries enthusiasm, charm and quality and creates an energetic atmosphere. The drawback of this leadership style is leader can turn authoritative and can make blenders for business without any one there to challenge him or her. Similarly the dependence on the leader can crate collapse after they leave. 4. Democratic leadership It is also called participative leadership in which there is room for every worker and manger to give their feedback and make contribution in the work development. It supports with decision which have full backing and involvement from staff. (Laeven, 2004) But sometimes it can lead to lake of responsibility and a competition based on contribution instead of quality. 5. Laissez-faire leadership The French word which means leave it be, it is way in which team member are given chance to work their own and take charge of decision making and responsibility as it is focused on productivity instead ways and means. It is effective in well groomed professional environment but can lead to collapse where staff is not fully trained and skilful. 6. Relations-oriented leadership This is also called as people oriented leadership in business which tries to accommodate the version of other people rather than top management. This type of leadership is aiming at the results for general welfare and benefits for maximum people. It tries to accommodate interests of as many as it can. But it have drawback of expansion of work to unnecessary boundaries and unnecessary participation and involvement level. Explain how organizational theory underpins the practice of management This theory tries to explain the understanding and appreciation for criticize or postmodernist segment of business world. This theory helps to develop a purpose oriented approach in which it serves depends on the advancement by the business. Theory focuses on the business environment and its effects on the working capacity of the business. Company have major aim of settling its interests and achieve its growth. It derives the relationship between different phenomenons which affect the business activities. The use of theory helps businesses in developing understating about modernity of technology, knowledge, skill development, diversity, development of structures and positive approach for profit seeking strategy. Through a good analysis of the situation company tries to look for success opportunities under this theory. The modernist view of theory helps in adaptation of new technology with better approach and understanding. (Lall, 2005)It helps the organisations to find way for increase efficiency and effectiveness to control performance indicators. Evaluate the different approaches to management used in different organisations There are many fundamental approaches in business management which are used and followed by the management in different sectors according to their needs. Based on different approaches we can categorize these managerial approaches based on implementation and management in three groups. These are used on the bases of following qualities:- The diversity of technology degree of complexity in delivery objectives of the business and Process used within a timeframe. These approaches are characterised as following:- Active Listening It states that some organisations need their management to used active listening approach to accommodate the needs of customers and workers in effective way for improvement in acceptance level and growth. This helps companies to win confidence from their customers and brings loyalty to brand names. Cultivating It is like listening approach it is a facilitative management approach which is supported by utilisation of existing skills in the environment to get advantage. It is based on active participation and involvement of staff and customers to bring fundamental results in favour of business. Steering This is different management approach which is based on instrumental project management to fulfil the delivery needs. It is mostly sued in developing projects where there is need for controlled activities to bring certain level of success. It is mostly short term strategy and approach of management as with development in business it cannot be used for long. Task Three Discus the impact that different leadership styles may have on motivations in organisations in period of change Leadership is way to give direction, implementation, planning and motivation to people in business for achievement of better results. There are certain leadership styles like authoritarian or autocratic, participative or democratic and delegative or free reign these styles are followed widely in business world to achieve set business targets. Here is summery of effects of different leadership styles on the motivations in organisation. Authoritarian or autocratic This is way in which leader shares the team that what company want and how it wants to be done without getting any feedback from juniors and team. Sometime leaders get all information from bottom level of management but they decide their own about actions. (Cardy, 2003) This style need lot of involvement from top management in company to be present physically to control things once manager is away staff tries to get escape from work and absenteeism is common in this type of leadership style. It also creates lake of responsibility and secrecy of information from one channel to other as everyone tries to avoid any bad situation. It also called bossing people this style is on decline in major organisations and is being replace by other leadership styles. Participative or democratic The slogan of this type of leadership is lets work together, it is way in which leader involves everyone to give their feedback and take responsibility for doing things on business. Though leader maintains the final decision yet still its room for more participation and every opinion is welcomes. This style have drawback for waste of time and unnecessary and unskilled involvement in business decisions which can lead to losses and weakness. Delegative or free reign In this leadership style responsibility is shifted to lower ranks of management, thus employees are allowed to make decision about work with freedom. Yet this required highly skilled and trained professionals at all levels which is expensive for human resource management and required lots of revenue and without grooming all staff to that level it can bring disaster to company business. This is also known as laissez faire. It is observed by the business exerts that a good leader tries to hold combination of all three leadership styles according to needs of time and management activity. Compare application of different motivational theories with in workplace There are different motivational theories for workplace performance management which are discussed in coming discussion. Incentive Theory of Motivation This theory states that staff and employee can be motivated to perform well through external rewards. For example, if there are some financial gains for staff for doing a certain level of work or keeping time management effectively they will try their best to achieve the land mark to gain that financial benefit. Drive Theory of Motivation This theory states that people are getting motivation from certain actions that are taken by management to get maximum outcome in performance. For example, someone can be motivated for drinking water to reduce internal thirst. This theory tries to base performance control on biological and physical needs of humans. Arousal Theory of Motivation These theory states that human are motivated to act to satisfy or decrease their stimulation or arousal level. For example, one person can like to go to movie while other can like to read book to satisfy certain arousal level. Humanistic Theory of Motivation Humanistic theory of motivation is a set of motivational theories which are based on fact that human have immense cognitive reason to act in certain way and do certain things. Abraham Maslows put this in his hierarchy of needs that is based on different motivations behind human actions and those motivations are biological, social and spiritual. Like hunger and self actualisation. Evaluate the usefulness of motivation theory for managers Motivation can be a very important factor for an organizational success and achievements of set targets by the organisation. Here are facts that help managers to get benefit from these motivational theories, these are following:- Motivation makes human resources available for action as every action required physical, financial and individual involvement. Through use of motivation managers can turn resources into action thus they can utilise those resources for development and growth. Motivation improves the level of efficiency in company as staffs puts full efforts neglecting their qualifications and learning they are involved to gain the benefits of motivational factor. Thus motivation in organisation improves performance level for managers. It helps in increase in productivity, improves the efficiency of staff and reduces the cost for operations. It leads organisations and managers to achieve the set organizational goals by the utilisation of available resources effectively and in better way. Increases cooperation at work, creates better work environment and works as stimulate for higher performance level. Motivation builds very friendly relationship among managers and staff as staff meets some benefits for their performance. It increases the staff satisfaction level at work and develops trust and confidence at workplace due to monetary and non-monetary incentives. Similarly, motivation becomes very important for business because it motivated staff, empowers manager and teams, creates team work environment, creates sense of belonging and responsibility among staff, decreases operational costs and makes work time effective activity. Task Four Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisations Groups or teams are important and major feature of business organizations. Work At organizations is divided into sub-units that are consists of departments of groups. These groups shape the behaviour of organisations and are responsible for activities at organisation. It is very important for managers to develop understanding about the nature of groups inside organisations. (Forster, 2005) The cooperation level among groups and within teams is vital for company activities. This way people with different skills and behaviour patterns with in groups affect the level of group performance. The leadership style of managers is having important effect over these groups and leads to success or failure of group efforts. The composition of groups promotes team work, coordination, cooperation, experience sharing, guidance availability for new staff and collective outcome of business activity. These groups have following features:- They interact with each other They build teamwork They can involve into a psychological warfare They are define unit They share common skills and interests There are ways through groups are formed one of such explanation is given by the Tuckman in 1965 as he define the process of group formation which is based on Stage 1 Forming Stage 2 Storming Stage 3 Norming Stage 4 Performing Stage 5 Adjourning There are many formal and informal groups within organisation which work according to their set purposes and try to achieve those purposes. Discuss factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in organisations There are many factors which affect the development of teams at business organisations. These factors are internal and external it nature. These factors include, high standard of performance, creating quality work, experience sharing, collective efforts, minimising cost, minimising work effort and to promote collective benefits as team. These factors affect the composition and working ability of groups and teams in absence of some important factors team cannot be building and there can be no increase in performance level which is brought by the team work. In 21st century the new business dimensions insist on the development of team under the affect of these factors to get maximum output from staff performance. Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organisation In 21st century media and communication are very important tools for business performance and business development. There is continuous increase in technological advancement in creation and working of teams with in business. Here are some technological tools and their impacts on performance of team in business environment:- e-mail is based on internet which is most rapidly spreading form of communication which businesses are adopting rapidly to support their teams. The use of email helps teams to share and retain information for best performance. Mobile phones also have their huge impact on business and teams within businesses as it is quickest and reliable way to communicate between teams and get support on time. Groupware are new technological tool help teams in planning meetings, increase collaboration and work in a virtual environment with better results than emails and phones. Personal computers are popular in business as tool for management, communication and record keeping. The use of laptop is very popular in business community and helps the continuous connection among team members through use of internet and its capacity is bigger and better than previously mentioned tools.

Sound on Disc :: essays research papers

Sound-On-Disc: From Inception ‘til Death From the Kinetophone to the Vitaphone, the sound-on-disc format dominated the pioneering stage of sound in movies. For the first time ever, people were able to hear sound synchronized with the images on the screen, and the revolution had begun-the talkies were here to stay. It was the sound-on-disc format that helped create many of Hollywood’s â€Å"talkie† classics, including The Jazz Singer and The Singing Fool. However, another format, sound-on-film, would soon take reign of the talking motion picture movement, as the audience and the exhibitors started to become more demanding as technology was slowly improving. Sound-on-disc was simply beleaguered with too many technical and economic problems to continue to stay relevant. Thus, the competing sound-on-film format eventually became widely-accepted in the motion picture industry and is used even to this day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were many different technologies in the beginning of the 20th Century that were able to incorporate sound with film, including the Chronophone and the Cameraphone. However, the most influential film-phonograph combination in terms of the impact on the developments in the 1920s was Thomas Edison’s Kinetophone, which featured an automatic synchronizing system (Gomery, 27). Numerous identical gears linked the phonograph and projector to cause both machines, if manually operated, to move at the same rate. He also created an adjustment dial to correct synchronization problems. The Kinetophone was indeed advanced for its time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On February 19, 1913, the Kinetophone premiered at the Colonial, a vaudeville theatre on Broadway. The film opened with a lecturer who proceeded to explain the system. He also smashed a plate, played the violin and piano, and had a dog bark-all of which demonstrated the power of Edison’s technology (28). A minstrel act followed, and the film eventually ended with the chorus of the â€Å"Star Spangled Banner.† It was a huge hit, and the audience gave the film a 15 minute standing ovation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite it’s successful opening night, the promise of the Kinetophone never materialized. During the second week of its New York Presentation, the audience booed the Kinetophone, as the synchronization was off by as much as 10 to 12 seconds due to an inexperienced projectionist. There were also other problems that plagued it. The phonograph emitted a â€Å"harsh, metallic sound†, and its volume was never sufficient to fill a large vaudeville theatre (29). Eventually, by 1915, all operations of Edison’s Kinetophone had ceased. Edison’s failure marked the end of the pioneering phase of the phonograph- based sound pictures.

Payroll System Implementation Essay -- Payroll Software Technology

Payroll System Implementation Missing Images This report will first examine the Testing Process Summary. This will include a definitive test plan which will identify the major functions of the systems software and hardware to be tested as well as the required system outcomes. Secondly, the installation process and training plan summary will be identified. For this portion of the writing, a Gantt chart will be used to identify the steps and related resources needed to implement the system. A narrative explanation that will discuss the impacts of time and conversion will be included. A description of the training plan will also be outlined. The third section of this writing will summarize the company documentation plan. This will include the identification and explanation of all forms of documentation used throughout the project. The chosen documentation for the technical and user sides of the system will be identified. Lastly, the company support and maintenance plan will be summarized. This plan will outline the chose n software, hardware and networks in regards to the responsibilities of each area. The related resources necessary to properly support and maintain the system will also be identified. Testing Process Summary Testing is a required portion of the implementation phase. It is useful in ensuring a quality system is installed. A well-defined plan, known as a Master Test Plan (University of Phoenix, 2002, section 4), should be developed to make sure all system attributes have been tested. The Mobile Meds test plan will test the database, the accounting interface, the employee webpage, and the upload of paycheck information to the bank. Unit testing will be completed on each of the system components. Mo... ...n outlined the chosen software, hardware and networks in regards to the responsibilities of each. The related resources necessary to properly support and maintain the system were also identified. This is perhaps the most important part of the project as it serves as an investment protection policy for the company. It ensures not only that the project implementation is done, but also demonstrates the lengths the company is willing to go to properly implement new projects. Mobile Meds Payroll System Installation Schedule Reference University of Phoenix. (Ed.). (2002). Introduction to business systems development. [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text]. Boston: Pearson Custom Publishing. Retrieved January 16, 2005, from University of Phoenix, Resource, BSA/375Ââ€"Business Systems Analysis website: https://mycampus.phoenix.edu/secure/resource/resource.asp

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Birth-Mark, Raymond Carver’s Cathedral, and R

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birth-Mark†, Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†, and Randall Kenan’s â€Å"The Foundations of the Earth† illustrate how arrogance undermines knowledge and individual power and humility enhances those qualities. In each story, characters with parochial worldviews encounter people who challenge them to change. Other perspectives are available if they are able to let go of their superior attitudes. For example, Hawthorne’s protagonist, Aylmer, believes he has the ability and right to create perfection. He views a birthmark on his wife, Georgiana, as evidence of a flaw that must be removed no matter what the cost. His assistant, Aminadab, (an earthy alter-ego) remarks, â€Å"If she were my wife, I’d never part with that birthmark† (Hawthorne 531). He does not say, â€Å"I’d let it be† or â€Å"I’d tolerate it†, but rather â€Å"I’d never part with it.† This interpretation is so antithetical to Aylmer’s that it cries for inquiry. â€Å"What is it that you are think ing, Aminadab?† or â€Å"What is it about this birthmark that I find so ugly that you would treasure?† Aylmer does not ask these questions. Arrogance shuts him down. One needs humility in order to consider alternative points of view. New ideas do not enter Aylmer’s mind and he does not develop. His arrogance culminates in the death of Georgiana. In the other two stories, however, the characters mature by humbly opening to diverse perspectives, thus gaining knowledge and individual power. 1 Raymond Carver’s short story â€Å"Cathedral† opens with a narrator whose wife has invited a blind friend to spend the night. The narrator depersonalizes the man right off the bat and repeatedly throughout the story by referring to him, not by name, but as â€Å"the blind man† (Carver 513). He admits that hi... ...h. On the other hand, arrogance stifles one’s growth by shutting out different perspectives. One is left with nothing except what one started with; one’s mind becomes a closed box of stifling inflexibility or a Pandora’s box of anger and blame. Sometimes arrogance leads to a fate like the one Georgiana and Aylmer experienced in Hawthorne’s short story. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. "The Birth-Mark." Reading Literature and Writing Argument. Ed. Missy James and Alan Merickel. Fourth ed. Boston: Longman, 2011. 527-38. Print. Carver, Raymond. â€Å"Cathedral.† Reading Literature and Writing Argument. Ed. Missy James and Alan Merickel. Fourth ed. Boston: Longman, 2011. 513-23. Print. Kenan, Randall. "The Foundations of the Earth." Reading Literature and Writing Argument. Ed. Missy James and Alan Merickel. Fourth ed. Boston: Longman, 2011. 149-61. Print.

Graphics page Essay

Whether they are interested in tennis, if they are a fan and what events or players would they like to visit if possible. (Interests) Whether or not the person is interested in purchasing such a product that I will be making, and if so why not? * Do they have any suggestions or preferences in what they would like to buy or view from this merchandise? Why is this? * Do they appreciate merchandise such as posters and banners to be colourful, jazzy, plain or dark? The person’s coloured and style preferences perhaps. Do they prefer products to have lots of text information or do they not? If yes, what should the content be about? E. g. ) The product or the purpose?   What sort of images and logos would they prefer to view on these pages, and in what background? E. g. ) Artistic, photographic, computerized, etc†¦ what will create the best effects for people to appreciate it and be attracted to what it is aiming to the audience.   What sort of advertisement methods would most attract them to the product either to purchase it or to view it even? Information such as this provided in the questionnaire results will be very important for me to analyse and use when designing and making my merchandise. I will definitely need to consider it, otherwise there is no point in making these products in such ways that will not attract people, please them or catch their interest to follow the purpose of the poster. The reason for making something is for it to appeal to people’s preferences and the purpose of my tennis poster is to attract people to view it and realise the development of the state-of-the-art tennis stadium. The merchandise acts as examples of what they can purchase at this newly proposed stadium and helps to promote generally. Therefore, I will need to consider aspects such as colour, texture, size, special effects aswell as the type of imagery, content and textual styles I should use in order for it to be portrayed as worthwhile. Therefore the research is essential for this practical area of my project to be good and relevant.

Materialism in “Fifth Business” by Robertson Davies Essay

tone embodies those whose dreams be involve success. For this definition in Shoeless Joe, by W.P. Kinsella, pecker lives a run intoed existence by by-line his dreams and pursuing the rare path. He helps new(prenominal)s accomplish their meaning of animation by change of location miles to find them and to bring them back to his knit of dreams. He risks his fortune to do so, in the end being successful. On the an new(prenominal)(prenominal) hand, in the novel Fifth Business, by Robertson Davies, son Staunton believes that he will be actually successful and will derive what he wants if he is flush. Although boy succeeds in clearting currency and living a bearing of luxury, he is neer truly happy. He al courses tries to reach his vision, alone never beguilems to achieve it because he does non live in a way that makes his vision a possibility male child lives the life he wants. Throughout the novel, the rich possesses a sense of carelessness and he believes that coin yields happiness. His neglectful view of funds and his worldlyistic attitude, eventually lead to the demise and downfall of his character. Authors, W.P Kinsella and Robertson Davies contrast materialistic and idealistic set in their novels. ?At the tooth root of the novel Shoeless Joe, W.P Kinsella portrays the protagonist putz as a good experience and husband with an ambitious image. dick Kinsella is called upon by forces left ambit unknown to the readers and himself, to go on both a physical and heart-felt journey. If you base it he will come (Kinsella, 3). When calamus first heard the voice he knew that it had a special meaning and it was apprisal him to do something. At the beginning it seemed to jibe that the voice is just his own imagination, simply when the voice constantly repeated he knew that it was real. From that moment shaft of light knew that his goal would be to build a baseball plain stitch and he referred to Shoeless Joe. Throughout the novel, glow Kinsella starts to believe more and more in his dream. Initially, it seemed almost impossible, but as his picture grew, he agnise that it might in brief be a earthly concernkind. This idea of accept in ones dreams is inherent to the novel and is shown ideally in rheniums character. In opposition, Robertson Davies characterizes the antagonist Boy Staunton as a materialistic soul who nevertheless cares or so himself. When Percy Boy discredited Mary Dumpsters brain, which caused premature birth, he quickly moved on and forgot most the incident.After many years, he was guideed about recognition of Mrs. Dempster and he rep be Not at all. Why should I?(Davies,261). He cerebrate on the negative aspects of his life. Boy is clam up finishing school and in the extremity of stealing Dunnys girl duration he was remote. By avoiding problems in his childishness Boy became a successful materialist. ?Ray Kinsellas journey began when he left his family and risked his fortune to fulfill other passels dreams. At the end he succeeded in accomplishing his goal, but did not reckon any award. I did it all. I listened to the voices, I did what they told me, and not once did I ask whats in it for me (Kinsella 230). He was not doing anything to please himself, but thought of others instead. He spent a lot of money to build the field and treated other men deal guests. This is my corn. You people are guests in my corn. He proved that in beau monde to be happy there is no need to convey a lot of money and material objects. He chose an ideal path rather than a material one. While Ray is in a search for inner faithfulness and idealism, Percy is searching for outer beauty and contentment with his fashion.Boy is more concerned with change magnitude his great wealth and all the possessions money can buy, rather than his ideal thoroughly being. There is nothing more primal for Boy than himself and his success. He is an egoist. We looked into each others eyes and I knew that he was afraid, and I knew also that he would fight, lie, do anything rather than admit what I knew. And I didnt know what in the humanness I could do about it. He believes that he can control life by exerting his willpower. He does not mares nest his mind with useless information, and also never forgets what is useful to his advance through life. He knows women simply as sexual objects, and thinks only in terms of the surface appearance of things. ? I feel rotten Ive done just about everything Ive ever planned to do, and everybody thinks Im a success But sometimes I wish I could get into a car and drive away from the whole damned thing. PIOTREK Daj tu citation As he gets older he realizes the antisepsis of acquiring more things, but regrettably doesnt do anything in order to change. In the book Shoeless Joe, W.P. Kinsella wrote about how some people were missing something in their lives, but they found what they had been spirit for when they arrived at Rays fie ld. Ray build a baseball field to fulfill his unfulfilled dreams of the past. Rays engender died when he was a teenager, so Ray did not get to spend much(prenominal) time with him. Ray had always longed to see his father again and this dream came honest when he built the field. Others had unquenchable dreams like Ray. Archibald Graham never got to bat in the majors, and that was what was missing in his life. Well, you know I I never got to bat in themajor leagues. I would have desire to have that chance. Just once. (Kinsella, 165). When Archie Graham came to Rays field, he found the ribbon that tied the meaning of his life. Eddie Scissons also had an unrealised dream, all his life he had lied about himself being the oldest living boodle Cub, but he was only looking for the recognition that he had always dreamt of having. When he came to Rays field, he no longer had to lie about himself being the oldest living Chicago Cub, for thats but what he became.Rays field of dreams he lped fulfill the dreams of other men anyhow himself, and it made all the men very happy to finally find what they have been looking for all their lives. On the other hand, in Fifth Business, Boys materialistic values ruined his union and lead to his downfall. To him the reality was of life localize in external things, whereas for me the only reality was of the spirit of mind. (Davies, 114) Percy wants everyone, and everything in control, in his control. He is not able to form warm, perpetual human relationship. When Boy realized that his wife is not what he wants he decides to kick her. When Leola commits suicide Boys wickedness became so great that he could no longer face it. When Boy realized that his acquisitive way of living destroyed his family and lives of others, suicide was the only way out. He was killed by the usual cabal by himself, first of all by the cleaning woman he knew by the woman he did not know by the man who granted his inmost wish and by the inevitable fifth, who was the custodian of his conscience and keeper of the stone. (Davies, 237).Both authors R.W. Kineslla and Robertson Davies contrast ideal vs. material values in their novels. They show that life based on material values is shallow and unrewarding, while believing and never giving up on dreams is the only true path to happiness.

Cultural Dimensions of Two Countries

According to Geert Hofstede there five various dimensions of culture. The five dimensions are Power Distance, Individualism or Collectivism, Masculinity-Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, wired and Short or Long-Term Orientation. Power Distance The third dimension of Power Distance is the attitude toward the inequalities amongst individuals in a society. Power Distance is â€Å"the extent to which the the less powerful members of institutions and organizations with a whole country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally† (Hofstede).Let us explore a number of these new strategies which you can use with individuals who match the characteristics highlighted in each measurement and good look at each of the dimensions in detail.Superiors are very accessible and coaching. Management facilitates and empowers the individual. Power is decentralized. Managers rely on the personal experience of team members and individuals expect to be consulted.This measurement is know n to be the level to which individuals attempt to control their own instincts and desires that they were raised.

It is whether an same individual views their self-image as â€Å"We† or â€Å"I†. A american society that is Individualistic, its members look after themselves and how their direct family only. Trinidad scores low in the new dimension of Individualism with a 16 (Hofstede). It is a anti collectivist society.The Indulgence dimension is a new dimension into the design.The United States is a very individualistic culture. The US scores 91 in this dimension. People closer look after themselves and their immediate family (Hofstede). Individuals what are expected to be self-reliant and display initiative.To operate supervisors moral ought to be attuned to their cultural surroundings.

The good quality of an individual’s life is a sign of success.Being different is not a trait how that is admired. Trinidad, with a score of 58 is a masculine culture (Hofstede). Management is decisive and assertive.Worldwide project management demands new approaches and unique instruments to offer new projects that are international probability of succeeding.The goal is always to win. Conflicts are resolved individually. Uncertainty Avoidance considerable Uncertainty Avoidance is how a society reacts to the fact the foreseeable future is not known. Different cultures deal with the much anxiety that this can bring.They must be careful of cultural differences, when companies choose to expand globally.

Their culture is very less resistant to innovation. The US scores a 46 and is considerable uncertainty accepting (Hofstede). In the US, new ideas and new products are welcomed. Individuals are open to trying new own ideas and technology.Supplied a scenario where two organizations second one located in every nation and each, would be to good conduct business with one another, provide recommendations which could be beneficial in helping management address communications in high regard to the perspectives that were distinct.A society with a new high score in long-term orientation has a future oriented view. A society with a low score has a short-term important point of view. Trinidad has no score in this dimension. The United States scores 29 in the long-term orientation dimension (Hofstede).Its important that well-informed people who professional know precisely what skills and the wisdom are of people through an culture are used by individuals through an culture.

Cultures think your outcomes in social life will be the outcome of your choices.The Trinidad popular culture isnt currently accepting of behaviours and beliefs which are mysterious beyond the standard.Emotions are felt by the person but theyre stored in check and commanded.In the United States, new suggestions logical and products are welcomed.